In early 2020, the pandemic seemed far from Latin America. But as soon as it arrived in the region, it had a devastating impact, exposing the weaknesses in already precarious public health systems.
Images of a woman’s corpse lying on the street while being disinfected in Ecuador, and Venezuelan migrants carrying a coffin of a man who allegedly died of COVID-19 on a steep and dusty hill in Peru, illustrated the unfolding crisis.
Throughout the year, the pandemic and its effects dominated life on the continent. There were also massive protests against police abuse, as in the case of Colombia; on the first anniversary of the outbreak of civil unrest in Chile; and by young people in Peru that forced the resignation of an interim president after the removal of President Martín Vizcarra.
Often wearing equipment to protect against disease and violence, an Associated Press team of photographers in the region documented these events, as well as forest fires in Brazil and the risky migration by land of Central Americans that continued despite the pandemic and roadblocks imposed by governments.
Ecuador was one of the initial epicenters of the pandemic, with corpses abandoned in the streets in a city on the Pacific coast. Later, scenes of this type were recorded in the capital of the Andean country and months later in some cities of Bolivia, as a result of the collapse of funeral homes and cemeteries.
After the United States, Brazil led the number of coronavirus infections and deaths on the continent. One of its cities worst hit in the middle of the year by the pandemic was Manaus, in the Amazon, where funeral workers entered a community to transport the body of an 86-year-old woman by boat across a river near that city.
In Chile, another South American country that saw its hospital system buckling under the high number of infections, heartbreaking moments were recorded. Peruvian migrant José Collantes cried while observing the burial of his wife Silvia Cano, who died of COVID-19. The man was unable to incinerate his wife’s body and take the ashes home.
The pandemic also exposed the deterioration and shortage of basic supplies such as water and medical equipment in Venezuela, a once oil-rich nation.
COVID-19 in turn caused child labor to increase in many countries after the closure of in-person classes, another blow for poor people who do not have the resources to follow virtual education. In Chiapas, Mexico, a boy, Andrés Gómez, worked whole days in an amber mine after the end of the school term in March. In Bolivia, five children - ages 6 to 14 - helped in their parents’ carpentry workshop for the same reasons in El Alto, the second-most populous city in that country.
The pandemic has escalated in much of the region in recent weeks and many countries are re-imposing restrictions and partial quarantines to curb infections as hospital beds become scarce. Governments are urging people to stay home over the holiday season.
National Assembly President Juan Guaido, Venezuela's opposition leader, climbs the fence in a failed attempt to enter the Assembly compound as he and other opposition lawmakers are blocked from entering a session to elect the body's new leadership in Caracas, Venezuela, Sunday, Jan. 5, 2020. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)
Central American migrants carry children across the Suchiate River from Guatemala to Mexico, near Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico, Monday, Jan. 20, 2020, in hopes of convincing Mexican authorities to allow them passage through the country so they could reach the United States. (AP Photo/Santiago Billy)
A supporter of Keiko Fujimori, the daughter of Peru's former President Alberto Fujimori and opposition leader, is held back by police officers outside a courtroom in Lima, Peru, Tuesday, Jan. 28, 2020. A Peruvian judge ordered 15 months of preventive detention for Keiko Fujimori while she is investigated for alleged money laundering related to the Brazilian construction company Odebrecht. (AP Photo/Martin Mejia)
Mourners pray on their knees around the coffin of environmental activist Homero Gomez Gonzalez during his wake in Ocampo, Michoacan state, Mexico, Thursday, Jan. 30, 2020. Relatives of the anti-logging activist who fought to protect the winter habitat of monarch butterflies don't know whether he was murdered or died accidentally, but they say they do know one thing for sure: something bad is happening to rights and environmental activists in Mexico, and people are afraid. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell)
Milena Jami whips her llama to secure first place in the 500-meter llama race, age 7-8 category, at Llanganates National Park in Ecuador, Saturday, Feb. 8, 2020. (AP Photo/Dolores Ochoa)
The feet and hands of children who died in a fire at the Orphanage of the Church of Bible Understanding extend beyond the sheet they lie under on a bed at Baptiste Mission Hospital in Kenscoff, on the outskirts of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, Friday, Feb. 14, 2020. A fire swept through a Haitian children's home run by a Pennsylvania-based nonprofit group, killing 13 children. (AP Photo/Dieu Nalio Chery)
Demonstrators attack a fire department truck to protest gender violence during a march marking International Women's Day in Mexico City's main square, the Zocalo, Sunday, March 8, 2020. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell)
Fabian Ramirez, 11, and members of his family scavenge a trash container for discarded vegetables at the "Mercado de Abasto," a market for vendors, during the fourth week of quarantine to contain the spread of the new coronavirus in Asuncion, Paraguay, Thursday, April 2, 2020. (AP Photo/Jorge Saenz)
City workers fumigate a street to help contain the spread of the new coronavirus in La Paz, Bolivia, Thursday, April 2, 2020. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)
A worker builds niches at the Caju Cemetery in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Monday, April 20, 2020. There were already plans this year to create more tombs at Caju but the new coronavirus pandemic accelerated the construction. (AP Photo/Silvia Izquierdo)
Inmates gather around the corpses of other inmates during a riot at Miguel Castro Castro prison, in Lima, Peru, Monday, April 27, 2020. Peru's prison agency reported that three prisoners died from causes still under investigation after a riot at the prison, while inmates complained authorities are not doing enough to prevent the spread of coronavirus inside the prison. (AP Photo/Rodrigo Abd)
Venezuelan migrants Luis Zerpa leads Luis Brito and Jhoan Faneite to carry the remains of 51-year-old Marcos Espinoza who is suspected fo dying of the new coronavirus, down a steep hill to a waiting hearse in a working-class neighborhood near Pachacamac, the site of an Inca temple, on the outskirts of Lima, Peru, Friday, May 8, 2020. (AP Photo/Rodrigo Abd)
Maria Rita Dias dos Santos wipes tears after former inmates delivered free food to her home, as part of a nonprofit organization known as "Eu sou Eu" or "I am me" that gifts food to those struggling economically amid the new coronavirus pandemic in the Para-Pedro favela of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Friday, May 8, 2020. (AP Photo/Silvia Izquierdo)
A city forensic worker sprays disinfectant on the body of a woman who died in the street in Quito, Ecuador, Thursday, May 14, 2020. Forensics conducted a COVID-19 rapid test and said the woman tested negative. (AP Photo/Dolores Ochoa)
SOS Funeral workers transport by boat a remains of an 86-year-old woman who is suspected of dying of COVID-19 in her river-side community near Manaus, Brazil, May 14, 2020. (AP Photo/Felipe Dana)
A family watches a movie from the back of their car at a drive-in where motorists must leave one space empty between them amid the new coronavirus pandemic in Brasilia, Brazil, Saturday, May 23, 2020. (AP Photo/Eraldo Peres)
EDS NOTE: GRAPHIC CONTENT - A patient who died from the new coronavirus lies on a table between other COVID-19 patients undergoing treatment at the Salgado Filho Municipal Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Sunday, May 24, 2020. (AP Photo/Leo Correa)
Organ grinders who have lost their ability to earn tips in the street due to restrictions to curb the new coronavirus wait for donated groceries in Mexico City, Thursday, June 4, 2020. (AP Photo/Fernando Llano)
Men with inner tubes wade through an abandoned highway tunnel with the aid of a safety line as they work to repair a self-created water system in the Esperanza neighborhood of Caracas, Venezuela, Thursday, June 11, 2020. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)
The coffins of COVID-19 victims burn after their bodies were cremated at the San Nicolas Tolentino cemetery in the Iztapalapa neighborhood of Mexico City, Wednesday, June 24, 2020. (AP Photo/Marco Ugarte)
The body of Cesar Gallardo lies covered on a playground in the Villa Nueva Esperanza neighborhood of San Bernardo, on the outskirts of Santiago, Chile, Wednesday, July 1, 2020. Gallardo was a homeless man welcomed a month before by residents who organized outdoor soup kitchens for hundreds daily, where he ate. His death, by unknown causes, has worried neighbors that he might have contracted and died of COVID-19. (AP Photo/Esteban Felix)
Peruvian migrant Jose Collantes cries as he watches cemetery workers bury his wife Silvia Cano, who he said died of COVID-19 complications, at the Catholic Cemetery in Santiago, Chile, Friday, July 3, 2020. Collantes said he preferred to cremate her in order to take the ashes home with him, but that the bureaucracy to cremate her already had him waiting two weeks. (AP Photo/Esteban Felix)
Gerardo Ixcoy teaches 12-year-old student Paola Ximena Conoz about fractions from his mobile classroom, parked outside her home in Santa Cruz del Quiche, Guatemala, Wednesday, July 15, 2020. Each day the 27-year-old sets out pedaling among the cornfields of Santa Cruz del Quiche to give individual instruction to his sixth-grade students. (AP Photo/Moises Castillo)
Dogs stand on a mattress hauled by a recycler in Bogota, Colombia, Thursday, July 23, 2020, amid the new coronavirus pandemic. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara)
A man in a Spiderman costume waits for the bus in Montevideo, Uruguay, Sunday, Aug. 2, 2020, the night before the reopening of cinemas, theaters and museums that were closed to curb the spread of the new coronavirus. (AP Photo/Matilde Campodonico)
A road divides the Cerro Lagoon, where the water at right is colored under the Waltrading S.A. tannery that stands on the bank in Limpio, Paraguay, Wednesday, Aug. 5, 2020. According to Francisco Ferreira, a technician at the National University Multidisciplinary Lab. who took water samples at the site, the color of the water is due to the presence of heavy metals like chromium, commonly used in the tannery process. (AP Photo/Jorge Saenz)
Jhona Zapata, whose clown name is "Jijolin," is reflected in the window of a home as he offers caramelized apples for sale, while circuses are closed during the COVID-19 lockdown in a poor neighborhood on the outskirts of Lima, Peru, Wednesday, Aug. 5, 2020. (AP Photo/Martin Mejia)
Men detained for not complying with COVID-19 regulations by breaking curfew or attending block parties are transported in a police van to a coliseum, in the Petare neighborhood of Caracas, Venezuela, early Saturday, Aug. 8, 2020, as part of an operation to educate residents on the risks of being out and socializing in groups amid the new coronavirus pandemic. The detainees are released a few hours later after receiving instruction on best social distancing practices. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)
Blanca Ortiz, 84, celebrates after learning from nurses that she will be discharged from the Eurnekian Ezeiza Hospital on the outskirts of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Thursday, Aug. 13, 2020, several weeks after being admitted with COVID-19. (AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko)
A girl wades to her flooded home one day after the passing of Tropical Storm Laura in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, Monday, Aug. 24, 2020. (AP Photo/Dieu Nalio Chery)
Wearing masks to curb the spread of the new coronavirus, the Delgado family poses for a photo in their carpentry workshop in El Alto, Bolivia, Friday, Aug. 28, 2020. After the government canceled the school year, the five children between ages 6 and 14 work in the carpentry workshop with their parents. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)
Sara Magin, who suffers from COVID-19 symptoms, sits inside a tent constructed from a bedsheet as she receives an herbal vapor therapy in the Shipibo Indigenous community of Pucallpa in Peru's Ucayali region, Tuesday, Sept. 1, 2020. (AP Photo/Rodrigo Abd)
Yalitza Cadiz, who is being treated for cervical cancer, sits on her bed at the Luis Razetti hospital in Caracas, Venezuela, Tuesday, Sept 2, 2020. Consultations with new cancer patients have been suspended due to lack of water, air conditioning, supplies and doctors. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)
Imprisoned gang members wearing face masks amid the COVID-19 pandemic peer from behind bars during a media tour of the prison in Quezaltepeque, El Salvador, Friday, Sept. 4, 2020. (AP Photo/Salvador Melendez)
A protester hurls stones at police during protests sparked by the death of a man after he was detained by police for violating social distancing rules amid the new coronavirus in Bogota, Wednesday, Sept. 9, 2020. (AP Photo/Ivan Valencia)
Andres Gomez works inside an amber mine near the community of Jotolchen II in Chiapas state, Mexico, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2020. The 11-year-old said that before the new coronavirus pandemic hit, he attended school and then would spend a couple of hours mining after class, but since the school closed in March he is spending entire days mining. (AP Photo/Eduardo Verdugo)
Volunteer Divino Humberto tries to douse the fire with a bucket along a dirt road off the Trans-Pantanal highway in the Pantanal wetlands near Pocone, Mato Grosso state, Brazil, Friday, Sept. 11, 2020. (AP Photo/Andre Penner)
A jaguar crouches in an area recently scorched by wildfires at the Encontro das Aguas state park in the Pantanal wetlands near Pocone, Mato Grosso state, Brazil, Sunday, Sept. 13, 2020. (AP Photo/Andre Penner)
A pig is connected to a ventilator prototype at the Veterinarian school at the National University where doctors, engineers, veterinarians, and researchers test it on pigs with lung injuries as part of a project to manufacture mechanical ventilators amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Panama City, Thursday, Sept. 17, 2020. (AP Photo/Arnulfo Franco)
Wheelchair-bound migrant Wilmer Chavez is helped by fellow migrants on to the back of a freight truck that stopped to give the migrants a free ride in Rio Dulce, Guatemala, Friday, Oct. 2, 2020, as the group from Honduras tries to reach the U.S. (AP Photo/Moises Castillo)
Jose Gregorio Machado takes a sip of rum while cleaning the underside of a bus in the Petare neighborhood of Caracas, Venezuela, Saturday, Oct. 17, 2020. Machado cleans buses for $5 U.S. dollars per bus. He says that on a good day he gets to clean seven buses with the help of his cousin. "I make my living honestly," says Machado. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)
Protesters storm the San Francisco de Borja church that belongs to Carabineros, Chile's national police force, on the one-year anniversary of the start of anti-government protests against inequality in Santiago, Chile, Sunday, Oct. 18, 2020. (AP Photo/Esteban Felix)
Police evict squatters in Guernica, Buenos Aires province, Argentina, Thursday, Oct. 29, 2020. Hundreds of families had been living in shacks on the land for more than three months, in a reflection of the growing poverty and lack of housing. (AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko)
Girls raise their hands during class wearing masks and plastic gloves amid the spread of the new coronavirus in Havana, Cuba, Monday, Nov. 2, 2020, on the first day back to in-person schooling in seven months. (AP Photo/Ramon Espinosa)
A man who is dressed as a zombie wears a presidential sash to represent himself as a minister of Peru's newly sworn-in president, gets revved up in San Martin plaza where people who are refusing to recognize the new government gather to protest, in Lima, Saturday, Nov. 14, 2020. Peru's Congress voted overwhelmingly to remove now ex-President Martín Vizcarra. (AP Photo/Rodrigo Abd)
Egili Oliveira smiles for a portrait as she attends a ceremony marking Black Consciousness Day in the Santa Marta favela of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Friday, Nov. 20, 2020. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)
Soccer fans scream as the hearse carrying the coffin of Diego Maradona arrives at a funeral home in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Wednesday, Nov. 25, 2020. The Argentine soccer great who was among the best players ever and who led his country to the 1986 World Cup title died from a heart attack at his home in Buenos Aires. He was 60. (AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko)
Abortion-rights activists rally outside Congress as lawmakers debate a bill on its legalization in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Thursday, Dec. 10, 2020. Congress passed the bill that now needs approval from the Senate. (AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko)